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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first treatment of choice for ADHD. They have a long record of high response, excellent tolerance and safety throughout the lifespan. It's crucial to find the right dosage and medication that eases the symptoms of your child or yourself without side adverse effects. This may require a lot of trial and error, as well as an open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase the activity of the central nervous system. Students artists, athletes, workers and other people use these drugs to improve their performance and cognitive abilities. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, as well as other anxiety disorders. The most common stimulant medications are amphetamines and methylphenidates. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in immediate-release and extended-release formulas. The immediate-release medication is usually taken every four hours as needed. They can trigger an abrupt, short-term drop in energy known as a crash after they wear off. The crash may cause extreme craving, mood swings and fatigue. Instant-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeats in certain people. This is particularly true when they do not eat enough. Extended-release medicines are designed to release active ingredients over a period of 8 to 16 hours. This type of medication can be prescribed by your physician when you're looking for long-lasting relief from symptoms without taking tablets several times per day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate products. Another alternative is the methylphenidate long-acting patch known as Daytrana which adheres to the skin like a band-aid and lasts all day. This kind of medication can be prescribed to adults with ADHD and require a daily dosage that lasts longer than the immediate-release options. The use of stimulants does not cure ADHD but it can help manage the symptoms by improving how neurons in the brain communicate. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters that are present in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and helps messages between neurons be more efficiently transmitted and received. Doctors may prescribe antidepressants in addition to stimulants to treat ADHD. Most antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD are based on the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibiters are a great choice for people suffering from depression or anxiety. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Other reasons your doctor might switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working or it has undesirable side effects. Long-acting Between 70 and 70% to with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They can reduce symptoms like fidgeting, over-talking, and losing focus in conversations or on tasks. They also help improve social skills and job performance. The stimulant medication starts to work once it has crossed the blood-brain boundaries which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. They increase the levels Dopamine and Norepinephrine in brain cells which reduces the amount of hyperactivity and impulseivity. The FDA-approved stimulant drugs contain one of two molecules: the methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). Stimulants can cause side reactions that include stomach upset and loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate, headaches, and nervousness or anxiety. They can also make tics more severe and may cause problems sleeping in some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) work all night and day unlike medications which last only a few hours. They can also help with other disorders like depression or anxiety. The medications affect the way your body regulates chemicals called monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases are enzymes which break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. When these chemicals aren't eliminated into smaller pieces, they remain in your body for longer, which affects your behavior and mental state. Long-acting medicines can cause less negative effects. Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses that you consume throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release versions that you can take daily. This is a good option for some adults, however it's crucial to remember that you should take them daily. SSRIs and other medications have proven to be effective in treating ADHD in a variety of adults. These are usually prescribed for depression or anxiety, but they can also be prescribed for ADHD and 70% of people are able to respond. Bupropion, also referred to as Wellbutrin, is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was found to be more efficient in a controlled research than placebos. These SSRIs can cause serious side effects, such as ringing in the ears anxiety, a change to vision and lung and heart function in certain people. Short-acting The stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These are two chemicals that help people focus and manage their behavior. These drugs come in many different forms and each has its own brand name, such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two major kinds of stimulant drugs such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, but differ in the length of their action. The methylphenidates produce less lasting effects and can last for up to three hours, while the amphetamines are more long-lasting. Some people are better at absorbing stimulant drugs that have a long-acting effect than those that use short-acting drugs, so your doctor may prescribe this kind of drug. It is essential to know everything you can about the medication that you are taking, including the potential side effects, how often it is recommended to take it and any warnings specific to the medication that should be observed. This will make it easier to collaborate with your doctor to determine the best medication and dose for you. It is important to understand that these drugs can cause some negative side effects, including trouble sleeping or a loss of appetite. Consult your physician if you experience these adverse effects. You may have to alter your dosage or try a different drug. Adults with ADHD who are unable to respond well to stimulants can be treated with nonstimulant medications. These medications require longer time to work, but improve the ability to pay attention and to control impulses. These drugs might be prescribed as a stand-alone or in conjunction with stimulants. The first one is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) that increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the prefrontal brain, which controls the behavior. Another is the guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a class of medications known as alpha agonists. These drugs work by preventing the reuptake process and increasing the amount of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was developed to treat high blood pressure but has also been shown to help people with ADHD. Combinations People suffering from ADHD utilize a variety of drug combinations. These include stimulants with depressant drugs such as the guanfacine and clonidine. These drugs may have a calming affect on the brain, and reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behaviour. They can also reduce withdrawal symptoms from stimulants. This combination could be risky, however, when it is not utilized correctly. Combining two stimulants at the simultaneously increases the risk of developing serotonin-related syndrome, which is an emergency drug that occurs when the body is overloaded with much serotonin. This combination can also raise the heart rate and blood pressure. The risks of taking this medication are greater for people with pre-existing conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease. Combinations of stimulants are now being used by teens and young adults. medications for adhd in adults are often described as “legal highs” and are readily available at pharmacies. They are also available on the black market. These substances can be dangerous particularly when they are they are combined with alcohol or other substances. The use of multiple drugs can be risky. Mixing drugs can trigger unpredictable and harmful effects, including increased heart rate, slower breathing, hallucinations, paranoia seizures, and addiction. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy for treating ADHD according to the findings of a study. Combining medication increased compliance and allowed patients to get better relief from symptoms than monotherapy. Some patients, however were unable to continue treatment due side effects. In a few cases, the medication was discontinued because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be a result of poor diagnosis or a inaccessibility to medications. Nonstimulants are another treatment option for ADHD. They help improve the ability to focus and impulse control however, they do not perform as well as stimulants. They are also less likely to inhibit growth and alter appetite. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD, but they have a lower chance of enhancing focus and concentration. A number of studies have proven that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to produce better results than either by itself. The combination of the two drugs was shown to improve adherence and reduce adverse effects in the majority of people. The combination proved effective for young adults and adolescents. This combination could be a viable solution for children suffering from severe ADHD.